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2013年4月28日 星期日

世界主要空軍-日本航空自衛隊(World Major Air Force-Japan Air Self-Defense Force)-2012



航空自衛隊最高統帥為首相,次一級則為防衛大臣,並由航空幕僚監部的統合幕僚長與航空幕僚長共同監督。主要組織為航空總隊(Air Defense Command)航空支援集團(Air Support Command)航空教育集團(Air Training Command)航空開發實驗集團(Air Development and Test Command)補給本部(Air Materiel Command)航空支援集團是負責直接支持作戰部隊在救援,運輸控制,氣象監測和調查。航空教育集團負責基本的飛行和技術培訓。航空開發實驗集團除了監督軍事航空設備的研究和發展外,也負責航空醫學等領域的研究和開發。
空總隊分為北部,中部和西部航空方面隊(Air Defense Force)南西航空混成團(Southwestern Composite Air Division)。四個區域總部也掌控航空自衛隊和陸上自衛隊各自專屬領域的地對空飛彈防空部隊。
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  • 首相(Prime Minister of Japan)
    • 防衛大臣(Minister of Defense)
      • 統合幕僚長與航空幕僚長(JASDF Chief of Staff / Air Staff Office)
        • 航空總隊(Air Defense Command): Yokota AB, Fussa, Tokyo
          • 北部航空方面隊(Northern Air Defense Force): Misawa, Aomori
            • 2nd Air Wing (Chitose Air Base: 201SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4; 203SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4)
            • 3rd Air Wing (Misawa Air Base: 3SQ, F-2A/B T-4; 8SQ, F-2A/B, T-4)
            • Northern Aircraft Control & Warning Wing
            • 3rd Air Defense Missile Group
            • 6th Air Defense Missile Group
          • 中部航空方面隊(Central Air Defense Force): Iruma, Saitama
            • 6th Air Wing (Komatsu Air Base: 303SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4; 306SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4)
            • 7th Air Wing (Hyakuri Air Base: 302SQ, F-4EJ-Kai, T-4; 305SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4)
            • Middle Aircraft Control & Warning Wing
            • 1st Air Defense Missile Group
            • 4th Air Defense Missile Group
            • Iwo Jima Air Base Group
          • 西部航空方面隊(Western Air Defense Force): Kasuga, Fukuoka
            • 5th Air Wing (Nyutabaru Air Base: 301SQ, F-4EJ-Kai, T-4)
            • 8th Air Wing (Tsuiki Air Base: 304SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4; 6SQ, F-2A/B, T-4)
            • Western Aircraft Control & Warning Wing
            • 2nd Air Defense Missile Group
          • 南西航空混成團(Southwestern Composite Air Division): Naha, Okinawa
            • 83d Air Wing (Naha Air Base: 204SQ, F-15J/DJ, T-4)
            • Southwestern Aircraft Control & Warning Group
            • 5th Air Defense Missile Group
          • Airborne Early Warning Group: Misawa Air Base(E-2C), Hamamatsu Air Base(E-767)
          • Tactical Reconnaissance Group: Hyakuri Air Base(RF-4E, RF-4EJ)
          • Tactical Fighter Training Group: Nyutabaru Air Base(F-15DJ/J, T-4)
          • Air Defense Missile Training Group: Hamamatsu, Chitose
          • Air Defense Command Headquarters Flight Group (Iruma Air Base: U-4, YS-11EA,YS-11EB, T-4, EC-1)
      • 航空支援集團(Air Support Command): Fuchu, Tokyo
        • Air Rescue Wing (UH-60J, U-125A, CH-47J, KV-107)
        • 1st Tactical Airlift Wing (Komaki Air Base: 401SQ, C-130H; 404SQ, KC-767J)
        • 2nd Tactical Airlift Wing (Iruma Air Base: 402SQ, C-1, U-4)
        • 3rd Tactical Airlift Wing (Miho Air Base: 403SQ, C-1,YS-11NT/P; 41SQ, T-400)
        • Air Traffic Control Service Group
        • Air Weather Service Group
        • Flight Check Squadron (Iruma Air Base: U-125,YS-11FC)
        • Special Airlift Group (Chitose Air Base: B747-400)
      • 航空教育集團(Air Training Command): Hamamatsu, Shizuoka
        • 1st Air Wing (Hamamatsu Air Base: 31SQ, T-4; 32SQ, T-4)
        • 4th Air Wing (Matsushima Air Base: 21SQ, F-2B; 11SQ, T-4 Blue Impulse)
        • 11th Flying Training Wing (Shizuhama Air Base: 1SQ, T-7; 2SQ, T-7)
        • 12th Flying Training Wing (Hofu kita Air Base: 1SQ, T-7; 2SQ, T-7)
        • 13th Flying Training Wing (Ashiya Air Base: 1SQ, T-4; 2SQ, T-4)
        • Air Basic Training Wing
        • Flying Training Squadron (Nyutabaru Air Base: F-15DJ/J,T-4)
        • Air Training Aids Group
        • Air Officer Candidate School
        • 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & 5th Technical School
      • 航空開發實驗集團(Air Development and Test Command): Iruma Air Base, Saitama
        • Air Development and Test Wing (Gifu Air Base: F-15J/DJ, F-2A/B, C-1FTB, F-4EJ, F-4EJ-kai, T-7, T-4)
        • Electronics Development and Test Group
        • Aeromedical Laboratory
      • 補給本部(Air Material Command): Jujou, Tokyo
        • 1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th Air Depot
      • Air Staff College
      • Air Communications and Systems Wing
      • Aerosafety Service Group
      • Central Air Base Group
      • Others

日式軍機在二戰初期在亞洲是處於領先地位的,在世界上也是排前幾名,且日本是航空母艦海軍航空隊戰力在二戰初期可以跟美國抗衡的國家,但由於二戰的軍國主義實行擴張政策並偷襲珍珠港造成美國參戰而導致日本敗戰,二戰後頒布了和平憲法以及不能對外國輸出軍事科技也不能發展戰略性武器,不過至少在二戰後日本並未對任何國家宣戰或故意製造事端緊守和平憲法規範,但由於近年中國大舉擴軍,日本的相關法律已經開始做修正。二戰後日本於韓戰時期開始走向復甦之路,後來並開發了F-1支援戰機與F-2戰機以及不少軍用機,日本的軍事武器除了自製外多數為美式裝備,且在千禧年前多數是屬於亞洲頂尖的,但後來由於美國並未對日本輸出F-22A因此只能退而求次購買美國的F-35A,除了以色列早就有F-15外,再加上其他亞洲國家如沙烏地阿拉伯、韓國與新加坡也陸續取得了新一代的F-15E等級的F-15,而印度與中國也分別購得了Su-30MKKSu-30MKI,雖然日本的F-15J也有經過升級以及加上F-2戰鬥機的服役(不過311大地震毀掉18F-2最後僅有6架可以修復),但由於近年中國大量第4代戰鬥機服役再加上第五代戰機的試飛,日本在質方面的領先程度已經沒有千禧年前高了,再加上日本尚未從泡沫經濟完全恢復,雖然日本也有第五代戰鬥機的開發但短期內不可能服役,再加上北韓近年來多次彈道飛彈與火箭的試射甚至核武試爆已對日本國防已經造成重大威脅。

Combat aircraft
F-2A 63
F/EF/RF-4EJ 82
F-15J 153
F-2B 15
F-15DJ 45
F-35A 0/42(On Order)
Special mission
767 (AEW) 4
BAe 125 (Calibration) 3
BAe 125 (SAR) 27
C-1 (EW) 1
E-2C (AEW) 13
YS-11 (Calibration) 3
YS-11 (EW) 4
Tanker
KC-130H 1
KC-767 4
Transport
C-1 26
C-2 0/20*(On Order)
C-130H 15
Gulfstream IV 5
YS-11 3
Combat helicopter
CH-47J 19
UH-60J 40/40(On Order)
Training aircraft/helicopters
Beechjet 400 13
T/XT-4 204
T-7 48
YS-11 3

 

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