1990年代的半導體產業(Semiconductor Industry in 1990s)

1990年代隨著日本泡沫經濟破裂，美國超越日本成為世界半導體的主要生產國，日本退居世界第二大半導體生產國。
除了1990年代初期搭配Intel 386或者486 CPU與Microsoft DOS或者Windows 3.1 作業系統的各大品牌PC在世界上也開始大量販售外，其中也有不少是屬於消費者自組的個人電腦，因而PC開始流通於開發或開發中國家。1993年Intel推出CISC指令集Pentium處理器搭配Microsoft的Windows 95系統作為PC的主要架構，同年IBM、Apple與Motorola推出RISC 指令集PowerPC CPU與OS/2 warp作業系統與之相抗衡，1996年Wintel擊敗IBM陣營後來並成為Wintel架構獨霸PC產業的開端，再加上1990年代後期網際網路搭配winNT與win98等網路作業系統的Wintel架構PC與Server開始普及校園網路與一般家庭以及企業更奠定Wintel的PC霸主地位，而此時相容於Wintel架構的AMD CPU也有不少使用者支持。不過由於Apple有不少好用的影像處理與編曲應用軟體以及系統較穩定讓Apple個人電腦始終有一群死忠的愛用者。此時日本半導體廠開始轉向DRAM等記憶體以及消費性電子的研發製造並與台灣 DRAM代工廠商合作，而韓國廠商也開始大舉跨入DRAM等記憶體的領域，台灣也是在這個時期開始大舉跨進半導體產品的代工，初期也是代工電腦相關晶片組如繪圖晶片廠ATI、NVIDIA的產品或者南北橋晶片以及DRAM等(與美日歐廠商合作)記憶體。
1990年代後期數位GSM手機也開始取代類比手機成為新流行的行動電話架構，但日本也推出低功率的PHS手機系統，那時的手機功能也很陽春主要還是以講電話為主，當時世界主要的手機品牌有Motorola 、Nokia 、Ericsson 、Samsung 、Siemens 、Sony 、LG 、NEC與Panasonic等。1990年代初期數位編碼的VCD開始風行，至於DVD播放器則是於1996年於日本開始商品化而後推廣於全世界並開始取代VHS錄放影機的地位。此時數位相機也開始流行，用於個人電腦的印表機(以點陣跟噴墨式為主，也有雷射)隨著PC普及化後開始流行，在1990年代後期也有廠商推出電子寵物。電視遊樂器在1990年代初期以任天堂、SEGA、NEC三家為主，到了1990年後半則改為SEGA Saturn、Sony PlayStation以及Nintendo 64三大平台。主流半導體發展則依據摩爾定律在速度上每兩年都有倍速提升但價格則變便宜。

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp

Rank 1990	Rank 1989	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	4 322
2	2	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	4 202
3	4	Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector	USA	3 539
4	3	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	3 516
5	8	Intel Corporation	USA	3 171
6	6	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	2 599
7	5	Texas Instruments	USA	2 574
8	7	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	2 108
9	10	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	1 955
10	9	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	1 826
11	11	National Semiconductor	USA	1 653
12	12	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	1 441
13	13	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	1 315
14	15	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	1 204
15	14	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	1 196
16	16	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	1 194
17	17	AMD	USA	1 053
18	19	Sony Semiconductors	Japan	1 010
19	18	OKI Semiconductors	Japan	954
20	20	Harris Semiconductor	USA	800
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1991	Rank 1990	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	4 774
2	2	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	4 579
3	5	Intel Corporation	USA	4 019
4	3	Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector	USA	3 802
5	4	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	3 765
6	7	Texas Instruments	USA	2 738
7	6	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	2 705
8	8	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	2 303
9	10	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	2 037
10	9	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	2 022
11	11	National Semiconductor	USA	1 602
12	13	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	1 473
13	12	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	1 362
14	15	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	1 462
15	16	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	1 218
16	14	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	1 263
17	17	AMD	USA	1 226
18	18	Sony Semiconductors	Japan	1 196
19	19	OKI Semiconductors	Japan	981
20	-	Rohm	Japan	934
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1992	Rank 1991	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	3	Intel Corporation	USA	5 091
2	1	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	4 869
3	2	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	4 675
4	4	Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector	USA	3 634
5	5	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	3 851
6	6	Texas Instruments	USA	3 087
7	7	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	2 553
8	8	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	2 213
9	10	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	2 113
10	9	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	1 942
11	12	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	1 900
12	11	National Semiconductor	USA	1 797
13	13	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	1 605
14	17	AMD	USA	1 514
15	14	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	1 385
16	15	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	1 354
17	16	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	1 245
18	18	Sony Semiconductors	Japan	1 103
19	19	OKI Semiconductors	Japan	956
20	-	AT&T Semiconductors	USA	911
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1993	Rank 1992	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	7 970
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	6 141
3	4	Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector	USA	5 957
4	3	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	5 727
5	5	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	5 015
6	6	Texas Instruments	USA	4 083
7	11	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	3 044
8	7	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	2 928
9	8	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	2 823
10	-	IBM Microelectronics	USA	2 510
11	10	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	2 344
12	9	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	2 300
13	17	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	2 060
14	13	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	2 038
15	15	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	1 843
16	16	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	1 760
17	14	AMD	USA	1 660
18	12	National Semiconductor	USA	1 509
19	18	Sony Semiconductors	Japan	1 398
20	19	OKI Semiconductors	Japan	1 187
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1994	Rank 1993	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	10 099
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	7 961
3	4	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	7 556
4	3	Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector	USA	7 238
5	5	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	6 644
6	6	Texas Instruments	USA	5 552
7	7	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	4 832
8	8	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	3 869
9	9	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	3 772
10	12	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	2 920
11	11	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	2 896
12	14	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	2 640
13	10	IBM Microelectronics	USA	2 532
14	15	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	2 321
15	16	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	2 188
16	17	AMD	USA	2 134
17	18	National Semiconductor	USA	2 127
18	13	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	2 090
19	19	Sony Semiconductors	Japan	1 876
20	-	LG Semiconductors	South Korea	1 697
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1995	Rank 1994	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	13 172
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	11 314
3	3	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	10 077
4	5	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	9 137
5	4	Motorola Semiconductors	USA	8 732
6	7	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	8 329
7	6	Texas Instruments	USA	7 831
8	8	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	5 538
9	9	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	5 272
10	-	Hyundai Semiconductors	South Korea	4 132
11	10	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	3 901
12	13	IBM Microelectronics	USA	3 522
13	11	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	3 476
14	12	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	3 554
15	18	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	3 062
16	20	LG Semiconductors	South Korea	2 863
17	14	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	2 714
18	-	Micron Technology	USA	2 601
19	15	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	2 592
20	17	National Semiconductor	USA	2 408
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1996	Rank 1995	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	17 781
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	10 428
3	5	Motorola Semiconductors	USA	8 076
4	3	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	8 029
5	5	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	7 953
6	7	Texas Instruments	USA	7 064
7	6	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	6 464
8	8	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	4 293
9	11	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	4 179
10	14	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	4 122
11	9	Mitsubishi Semiconductors	Japan	3 913
12	15	Siemens Semiconductors	Germany	3 029
13	13	Matsushita Semiconductors	Japan	3 003
14	12	IBM Microelectronics	USA	2 247
15	20	National Semiconductor	USA	2 380
16	19	Sanyo Semiconductors	Japan	2 314
17	10	Hyundai Semiconductors	South Korea	2 247
18	16	LG Semiconductors	South Korea	2 243
19	18	Sharp Semiconductors	Japan	2 124
20	25	Lucent Technologies (1)	USA	2 110
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				-- ---

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1997	Rank 1996	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	21 746
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	10 222
3	3	Motorola Semiconductors	USA	8 067
4	6	Texas Instruments	USA	7 352
5	4	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	7 253
6	5	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	6 298
7	7	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	5 856
8	9	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	4 440
9	8	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	4 622
10	10	SGS-Thomson	FranceItaly	4 019
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				147 200

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1998	Rank 1997	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	22 784
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	8 135
3	3	Motorola Semiconductors	USA	7 086
4	5	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	5 869
5	4	Texas Instruments	USA	5 820
6	6	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	4 620
7	7	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	4 595
8	8	Philips Semiconductors	Netherlands	4 445
9	10	STMicroelectronics (1)	FranceItaly	4 197
10	9	Fujitsu Semiconductors	Japan	3 826
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				134 800

Source Gartner Dataquest Corp.

Rank 1999	Rank 1998	Company	Country of origin	Revenue (million $ USD)
1	1	Intel Corporation	USA	26 806
2	2	NEC Semiconductors	Japan	9 210
3	4	Toshiba Semiconductor	Japan	7 618
4	7	Samsung Semiconductors	South Korea	7 125
5	5	Texas Instruments	USA	7 120
6	3	Motorola Semiconductors	USA	6 394
7	6	Hitachi Semiconductors	Japan	5 554
8	11	Infineon Technologies (1)	Germany	5 223
9	9	STMicroelectronics	FranceItaly	5 077
Other Companies				-- ---
Total Revenue				169 100