第二次世界大戰期間，由於水面艦隊在數量上遠不及英美兩國，德國以U艇的狼群戰術橫行北大西洋，對往來美國與英國的運補船團進行通商與運補破壞，但到了後期英美開始以護航航艦擔任船團護航任務後，德國的U艇也就不再有太大作用，不過二戰德國的潛艇技術在當時世界是數一數二的。
二戰戰敗後，德國被美英法蘇分別佔領，最後分成西德(德意志聯邦共和國)與東德(德意志民主共和國)，首都柏林也一分為二，直到冷戰結束兩德統一以後才還都柏林。二戰後德國一開始也是跟日本一樣被限制發展軍備，直到蘇聯勢力席捲整個東歐，甚至準備讓共產主義進一步入侵西歐，美國以馬歇爾計畫金源歐洲國家重建，才讓岌岌可危的歐洲情勢慢慢趨緩，並創立了西歐經濟奇蹟，英法德逐漸恢復經濟並重建原來被二戰摧毀的殘破城市。後來西方國家也建立了北大西洋公約組織在冷戰時期與蘇聯領導的華沙公約組織相抗衡。
二戰後德國被限制發展攻擊性軍事武器，特別是核子武器、航空火箭、航空母艦等等，但在潛艇、小型軍艦與主戰戰車上，並沒有限制德國發展，也沒限制其出口，因此原本科學工藝精湛德國在這些強項領域上依然發光發熱，尤其潛艇更是德國強項中的強項，自身主要發展近海式潛艇與外銷用較大型的潛艇，而且德國甚至發展潛射防空飛彈以反擊空中來襲目標，而且德制潛艇卻因為美國自核子動力潛艇服役後，美國不再發展傳統動力潛艇而暢銷世界。其中最暢銷的209型潛艇更是發展出很多衍生型，臺灣海軍一直想透過各種管道獲得，卻因為國際政治的現實始終無法得到，後來在1980年代從荷蘭弄到兩艘改良式旗魚級潛艇，近期才在美國與西方盟國協助下開始進行IDS潛艇的研發與製造作業。
|
Class Name |
No. |
Note |
|
Type 240 class (Type XXIII) |
61 |
Planned 980,and 61 completed.German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. |
|
Type 241 class (Type XXI) |
118 |
Planned 1170,and 118 completed.They were the first submarines designed to operate primarily submerged. |
|
Type 201 class |
3 |
Planned 12,and 3 completed.They were built out of amagnetic steel to counter the threat of magnetic naval mines, but the material had been insufficiently tested and proved to be problematic in service with the Bundesmarine. |
|
Type 202 class |
2 |
Midget U-boat. Planned 40,and 2 completed. |
|
Type 205 class |
13 |
Planned 13, and all completed,11 for German,and 2 for Denmark.The Type 205 is a direct evolution of the Type 201 class with lengthened hull, new machinery and sensors. |
|
Type 206A class |
18 |
These small and agile submarines were built during the Cold War to operate in the shallow Baltic Sea and attack Warsaw Pact shipping in the event of military confrontation. 5 sold to Indonesia,and 4 sold to Columbia and 2 in active servive. |
|
Type 212 class |
10 |
Planned 20,and 10 compleledly,6 for Greman and 4for ItalyIt features diesel propulsion and an additional air-independent propulsion (AIP) system using Siemens proton exchange membrane (PEM) compressed hydrogen fuel cells. |
|
Type 216 class |
|
TBC. Under development. |
|
Export Models |
||
|
Gal class (design only) |
3 |
Type 540 Gal-class submarine is a slightly modified variant of the German HDW Type 206 submarine class，modified for Israel requirements. |
|
Type 207 class (Kobben) |
15 |
The Kobben class (also known as Type 207) is a customized version of the German Type 205 submarine for Norway,Danmark and Poland. |
|
Type 209 class |
68(2023) |
Planned 77 , 6 on order, 9 cancelled,and total 5 variants for several countries. |
|
TR-1700 class |
2 |
Planned 6, 2 cancelled, this class is for Argentina. 1 lost, and the last 1 cancelled in 2020. |
|
Type 210 class (Ula) |
6 |
This class is for Norway |
|
Dolphin class |
6 |
This class is for Israel. 3 olphin I class, and 3 Dolphin II class. Dolphin II class is SSG equipped with nuclear warhead SLBMs. |
|
Type 214 class |
16 |
Planned 21, 5 under construction, 15 in active service. 4 for Greece, 9 for South Korea, 2 for Portugese, and 6 for Turkey. |
Reference
Multi-Lingual Wikipedia
軍武狂人夢
潛水艦事典
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