image source: Internet
依據1933年《蒙特維多國家權利義務公約》對主權國家的定義世界目前共207個國家，而目前世界共193個聯合國會員國，2個聯合國觀察員巴勒斯坦與教廷。另有14個國家未加入聯合國。
以網域劃分，頂級網域均由兩個字母組成，大部份使用ISO 3166-1標準。2002年時共有243個國家及地區頂級網域。2010年起，網際網路號碼分配局開始分配國際化國家及地區頂級網域，這項改變使得國碼域名可以使用當地文字，到2016年4月為止，共有303個國家及地區頂級網域。
以夏季奧運參賽國而言至2016年全世界共206個國際奧會(National Olympic Committee /NOC)參賽國。
截止2016年5月，世界各地共有211個國家及地區的男子足球代表隊加入世界最大的足球運動組織—國際足球聯會(Fédération Internationale de Football Association /FIFA)。
世界主權國家與構成國或領地一覽：
非洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
Algeria |
Algiers |
|
|
Angola |
Luanda |
|
|
Benin |
Porto-Novo
(official)
Cotonou (seat of government) |
|
|
Botswana |
Gaborone |
|
|
Burkina Faso |
Ouagadougou |
|
|
Burundi |
Bujumbura |
|
|
Cameroon |
Yaoundé |
|
|
Cape Verde |
Praia |
|
|
Central African Republic |
Bangui |
|
|
Chad |
N'Djamena |
|
|
Comoros |
Moroni |
|
|
Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) |
Brazzaville |
|
|
Democratic Republic of the
Congo (Congo-Kinshasa) |
Kinshasa |
|
|
Djibouti |
Djibouti City |
|
|
Egypt |
Cairo |
|
|
Equatorial Guinea |
Malabo |
|
|
Eritrea |
Asmara |
|
|
Ethiopia |
Addis Ababa |
|
|
Gabon |
Libreville |
|
|
Gambia |
Banjul |
|
|
Ghana |
Accra |
|
|
Guinea |
Conakry |
|
|
Guinea-Bissau |
Bissau |
|
|
Ivory Coast (Côte
d'Ivoire) |
Yamoussoukro
(official)
Abidjan (seat of government) |
|
|
Kenya |
Nairobi |
|
|
Lesotho |
Maseru |
|
|
Liberia |
Monrovia |
|
|
Libya |
Tripoli |
|
|
Madagascar |
Antananarivo |
|
|
Malawi |
Lilongwe |
|
|
Mali |
Bamako |
|
|
Mauritania |
Nouakchott |
|
|
Mauritius |
Port Louis |
|
|
Mayotte |
Mamoudzou |
Overseas department of
France |
|
Morocco |
Rabat |
|
|
Mozambique |
Maputo |
|
|
Namibia |
Windhoek |
|
|
Niger |
Niamey |
|
|
Nigeria |
Abuja |
|
|
|
Réunion |
Saint-Denis |
Overseas department of
France |
|
Rwanda |
Kigali |
|
|
Sahrawi Arab Democratic
Republic |
El Aaiún
(official)
Tifariti (factual temporary, seat of government)
and Sahrawi refugee camps (some government and military
facilities) |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition.
It claims the
territory of Western Sahara, most of which is controlled by
Morocco. |
|
Saint Helena, Ascension
and Tristan da Cunha |
Jamestown (Saint
Helena)
Georgetown (Ascension Island)
Edinburgh of the
Seven Seas (Tristan da Cunha) |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
São Tomé and Príncipe |
São Tomé |
|
|
Senegal |
Dakar |
|
|
Seychelles |
Victoria |
|
|
Sierra Leone |
Freetown |
|
|
Somalia |
Mogadishu |
|
|
Somaliland |
Hargeisa |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Somalia |
|
South Africa |
Pretoria
(administrative/executive)
Cape Town
(legislative)
Bloemfontein (judicial) |
|
|
South Sudan |
Juba |
|
|
Sudan |
Khartoum |
|
|
Swaziland |
Mbabane
(administrative)
Lobamba (royal and legislative) |
|
|
Tanzania |
Dodoma (official)
Dar
es Salaam (seat of government) |
|
|
Togo |
Lomé |
|
|
Tunisia |
Tunis |
|
|
Uganda |
Kampala |
|
|
Zambia |
Lusaka |
|
|
Zimbabwe |
Harare |
|
非洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
|
Algeria |
Algiers |
|
|
|
Angola |
Luanda |
|
|
|
Benin |
Porto-Novo
(official)
Cotonou (seat of government) |
|
|
|
Botswana |
Gaborone |
|
|
|
Burkina Faso |
Ouagadougou |
|
|
|
Burundi |
Bujumbura |
|
|
|
Cameroon |
Yaoundé |
|
|
|
Cape Verde |
Praia |
|
|
|
Central African Republic |
Bangui |
|
|
|
Chad |
N'Djamena |
|
|
|
Comoros |
Moroni |
|
|
|
Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) |
Brazzaville |
|
|
|
Democratic Republic of the
Congo (Congo-Kinshasa) |
Kinshasa |
|
|
|
Djibouti |
Djibouti City |
|
|
|
Egypt |
Cairo |
|
|
|
Equatorial Guinea |
Malabo |
|
|
|
Eritrea |
Asmara |
|
|
|
Ethiopia |
Addis Ababa |
|
|
|
Gabon |
Libreville |
|
|
|
Gambia |
Banjul |
|
|
|
Ghana |
Accra |
|
|
|
Guinea |
Conakry |
|
|
|
Guinea-Bissau |
Bissau |
|
|
|
Ivory Coast (Côte
d'Ivoire) |
Yamoussoukro
(official)
Abidjan (seat of government) |
|
|
|
Kenya |
Nairobi |
|
|
|
Lesotho |
Maseru |
|
|
|
Liberia |
Monrovia |
|
|
|
Libya |
Tripoli |
|
|
|
Madagascar |
Antananarivo |
|
|
|
Malawi |
Lilongwe |
|
|
|
Mali |
Bamako |
|
|
|
Mauritania |
Nouakchott |
|
|
|
Mauritius |
Port Louis |
|
|
|
Mayotte |
Mamoudzou |
Overseas department of
France |
|
|
Morocco |
Rabat |
|
|
|
Mozambique |
Maputo |
|
|
|
Namibia |
Windhoek |
|
|
|
Niger |
Niamey |
|
|
|
Nigeria |
Abuja |
|
|
|
Réunion |
Saint-Denis |
Overseas department of
France |
|
|
Rwanda |
Kigali |
|
|
|
Sahrawi Arab Democratic
Republic |
El Aaiún
(official)
Tifariti (factual temporary, seat of government)
and Sahrawi refugee camps (some government and military
facilities) |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition.
It claims the
territory of Western Sahara, most of which is controlled by
Morocco. |
|
|
Saint Helena, Ascension
and Tristan da Cunha |
Jamestown (Saint
Helena)
Georgetown (Ascension Island)
Edinburgh of the
Seven Seas (Tristan da Cunha) |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
São Tomé and Príncipe |
São Tomé |
|
|
|
Senegal |
Dakar |
|
|
|
Seychelles |
Victoria |
|
|
|
Sierra Leone |
Freetown |
|
|
|
Somalia |
Mogadishu |
|
|
|
Somaliland |
Hargeisa |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Somalia |
|
|
South Africa |
Pretoria
(administrative/executive)
Cape Town
(legislative)
Bloemfontein (judicial) |
|
|
|
South Sudan |
Juba |
|
|
|
Sudan |
Khartoum |
|
|
|
Swaziland |
Mbabane
(administrative)
Lobamba (royal and legislative) |
|
|
|
Tanzania |
Dodoma (official)
Dar
es Salaam (seat of government) |
|
|
|
Togo |
Lomé |
|
|
|
Tunisia |
Tunis |
|
|
|
Uganda |
Kampala |
|
|
|
Zambia |
Lusaka |
|
|
|
Zimbabwe |
Harare |
|
亞洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
Abkhazia |
Sukhumi |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Georgia |
|
Afghanistan |
Kabul |
|
|
|
Akrotiri and Dhekelia |
Episkopi Cantonment |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Armenia |
Yerevan |
|
|
Artsakh |
Stepanakert |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Azerbaijan |
|
Azerbaijan |
Baku |
|
|
Bahrain |
Manama |
|
|
Bangladesh |
Dhaka |
|
|
Bhutan |
Thimphu |
|
|
British Indian Ocean
Territory |
Diego Garcia |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Brunei |
Bandar Seri Begawan |
|
|
Cambodia |
Phnom Penh |
|
|
China |
Beijing |
|
|
Christmas Island |
Flying Fish Cove |
External territory of
Australia |
|
Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
West Island |
External territory of
Australia |
|
Cyprus |
Nicosia |
|
|
East Timor (Timor-Leste) |
Dili |
|
|
Georgia |
Tbilisi |
|
|
Hong Kong |
— |
Special administrative
region of China |
|
India |
New Delhi |
|
|
Indonesia |
Jakarta |
|
|
Iran |
Tehran |
|
|
Iraq |
Baghdad |
|
|
Israel |
Jerusalem |
|
|
Japan |
Tokyo |
|
|
Jordan |
Amman |
|
|
Kazakhstan |
Astana |
|
|
Kuwait |
Kuwait City |
|
|
Kyrgyzstan |
Bishkek |
|
|
Laos |
Vientiane |
|
|
Lebanon |
Beirut |
|
|
Macau |
— |
Special administrative
region of China |
|
Malaysia |
Kuala Lumpur
(official)
Putrajaya (seat of government) |
|
|
Maldives |
Malé |
|
|
Mongolia |
Ulaanbaatar |
|
|
Myanmar (Burma) |
Naypyidaw |
|
|
Nepal |
Kathmandu |
|
|
Northern Cyprus |
North Nicosia |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Cyprus |
|
North Korea |
Pyongyang |
|
|
Oman |
Muscat |
|
|
Pakistan |
Islamabad |
|
|
Palestine |
East Jerusalem (claimed
capital) |
A non-member observer
state of the United Nations.
The West Bank based authority
currently has their seat of government in Ramallah.
The Gaza
Strip based authority currently has their seat of government in
Gaza City. |
|
Philippines |
Manila |
|
|
Qatar |
Doha |
|
|
Saudi Arabia |
Riyadh |
|
|
Singapore |
Singapore |
|
|
South Korea |
Seoul |
|
|
South Ossetia |
Tskhinvali |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Georgia |
|
Sri Lanka |
Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte |
|
|
Syria |
Damascus |
|
|
Taiwan |
Taipei |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition |
|
Tajikistan |
Dushanbe |
|
|
Thailand |
Bangkok |
|
|
Turkey |
Ankara |
|
|
Turkmenistan |
Ashgabat |
|
|
United Arab Emirates |
Abu Dhabi |
|
|
Uzbekistan |
Tashkent |
|
|
Vietnam |
Hanoi |
|
|
Yemen |
Sana'a |
|
歐洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
Åland Islands |
Mariehamn |
Autonomous region of
Finland (recognized by international treaty) |
|
Albania |
Tirana |
|
|
Andorra |
Andorra la Vella |
|
|
Austria |
Vienna |
|
|
Belarus |
Minsk |
|
|
Belgium |
Brussels |
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Sarajevo |
|
|
Bulgaria |
Sofia |
|
|
Croatia |
Zagreb |
|
|
Czech Republic |
Prague |
|
|
Denmark |
Copenhagen |
|
|
Estonia |
Tallinn |
|
|
Faroe Islands |
Tórshavn |
Self-governing territory
of the Danish Realm |
|
Finland |
Helsinki |
|
|
|
France |
Paris |
|
|
Germany |
Berlin |
|
|
Gibraltar |
Gibraltar |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Greece |
Athens |
|
|
Guernsey |
Saint Peter Port |
Crown dependency of the
United Kingdom |
|
Hungary |
Budapest |
|
|
Iceland |
Reykjavík |
|
|
Ireland |
Dublin |
|
|
Isle of Man |
Douglas |
Crown dependency of the
United Kingdom |
|
Italy |
Rome |
|
|
Jersey |
Saint Helier |
Crown dependency of the
United Kingdom |
|
Kosovo |
Pristina |
De facto sovereign state
recognized by 113 UN member states
A United Nations mandate in
Serbian territory was put in place starting in 1999. |
|
Latvia |
Riga |
|
|
Liechtenstein |
Vaduz |
|
|
Lithuania |
Vilnius |
|
|
Luxembourg |
Luxembourg |
|
|
Macedonia |
Skopje |
|
|
Malta |
Valletta |
|
|
Moldova |
Chişinău |
|
|
Monaco |
Monaco |
|
|
Montenegro |
Podgorica |
|
|
Netherlands |
Amsterdam |
|
|
Norway |
Oslo |
|
|
Poland |
Warsaw |
|
|
Portugal |
Lisbon |
|
|
Romania |
Bucharest |
|
|
Russia |
Moscow |
|
|
San Marino |
San Marino |
|
|
Serbia |
Belgrade |
|
|
Slovakia |
Bratislava |
|
|
Slovenia |
Ljubljana |
|
|
Spain |
Madrid |
|
|
|
Svalbard |
Longyearbyen |
Special territory of
Norway (recognized by international treaty) |
|
Sweden |
Stockholm |
|
|
Switzerland |
Bern |
|
|
Transnistria |
Tiraspol |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Moldova |
|
Ukraine |
Kiev |
|
|
|
United Kingdom |
London |
|
|
Vatican City/Holy See |
Vatican City |
|
歐洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
|
Åland Islands |
Mariehamn |
Autonomous region of
Finland (recognized by international treaty) |
|
|
Albania |
Tirana |
|
|
|
Andorra |
Andorra la Vella |
|
|
|
Austria |
Vienna |
|
|
|
Belarus |
Minsk |
|
|
|
Belgium |
Brussels |
|
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Sarajevo |
|
|
|
Bulgaria |
Sofia |
|
|
|
Croatia |
Zagreb |
|
|
|
Czech Republic |
Prague |
|
|
|
Denmark |
Copenhagen |
|
|
|
Estonia |
Tallinn |
|
|
|
Faroe Islands |
Tórshavn |
Self-governing territory
of the Danish Realm |
|
|
Finland |
Helsinki |
|
|
|
France |
Paris |
|
|
|
Germany |
Berlin |
|
|
|
Gibraltar |
Gibraltar |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
Greece |
Athens |
|
|
|
Guernsey |
Saint Peter Port |
Crown dependency of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
Hungary |
Budapest |
|
|
|
Iceland |
Reykjavík |
|
|
|
Ireland |
Dublin |
|
|
|
Isle of Man |
Douglas |
Crown dependency of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
Italy |
Rome |
|
|
|
Jersey |
Saint Helier |
Crown dependency of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
Kosovo |
Pristina |
De facto sovereign state
recognized by 113 UN member states
A United Nations mandate in
Serbian territory was put in place starting in 1999. |
|
|
Latvia |
Riga |
|
|
|
Liechtenstein |
Vaduz |
|
|
|
Lithuania |
Vilnius |
|
|
|
Luxembourg |
Luxembourg |
|
|
|
Macedonia |
Skopje |
|
|
|
Malta |
Valletta |
|
|
|
Moldova |
Chişinău |
|
|
|
Monaco |
Monaco |
|
|
|
Montenegro |
Podgorica |
|
|
|
Netherlands |
Amsterdam |
|
|
|
Norway |
Oslo |
|
|
|
Poland |
Warsaw |
|
|
|
Portugal |
Lisbon |
|
|
|
Romania |
Bucharest |
|
|
|
Russia |
Moscow |
|
|
|
San Marino |
San Marino |
|
|
|
Serbia |
Belgrade |
|
|
|
Slovakia |
Bratislava |
|
|
|
Slovenia |
Ljubljana |
|
|
|
Spain |
Madrid |
|
|
|
Svalbard |
Longyearbyen |
Special territory of
Norway (recognized by international treaty) |
|
|
Sweden |
Stockholm |
|
|
|
Switzerland |
Bern |
|
|
|
Transnistria |
Tiraspol |
De facto sovereign state
lacking general international recognition
Recognized by the
United Nations as part of Moldova |
|
|
Ukraine |
Kiev |
|
|
|
United Kingdom |
London |
|
|
|
Vatican City/Holy See |
Vatican City |
|
北美洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
Anguilla |
The Valley |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Antigua and Barbuda |
St. John's |
|
|
Aruba |
Oranjestad |
Constituent country of the
Kingdom of the Netherlands |
|
Bahamas |
Nassau |
|
|
Barbados |
Bridgetown |
|
|
Belize |
Belmopan |
|
|
Bermuda |
Hamilton |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Bonaire |
Kralendijk |
Special municipality of
the Netherlands |
|
British Virgin Islands |
Road Town |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Canada |
Ottawa |
|
|
Cayman Islands |
George Town |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
Clipperton Island |
— |
Overseas territory of
France |
|
Costa Rica |
San José |
|
|
Cuba |
Havana |
|
|
Curaçao |
Willemstad |
Constituent country of the
Kingdom of the Netherlands |
|
Dominica |
Roseau |
|
|
Dominican Republic |
Santo Domingo |
|
|
El Salvador |
San Salvador |
|
|
Greenland |
Nuuk |
Self-governing territory
of the Danish Realm |
|
Grenada |
St. George's |
|
|
|
Guadeloupe |
Basse-Terre |
Overseas department of
France |
|
Guatemala |
Guatemala City |
|
|
Haiti |
Port-au-Prince |
|
|
Honduras |
Tegucigalpa |
|
|
Jamaica |
Kingston |
|
|
|
Martinique |
Fort-de-France |
Overseas department of
France |
|
Mexico |
Mexico City |
|
|
Montserrat |
Plymouth (official)
Brades
(seat of government) |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Navassa Island |
Lulu Town |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Nicaragua |
Managua |
|
|
Panama |
Panama City |
|
|
Puerto Rico |
San Juan |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Saba |
The Bottom |
Special municipality of
the Netherlands |
|
|
Saint Barthélemy |
Gustavia |
Overseas collectivity of
France |
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis |
Basseterre |
|
|
Saint Lucia |
Castries |
|
|
|
Saint Martin |
Marigot |
Overseas collectivity of
France |
|
|
Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
Saint-Pierre |
Overseas collectivity of
France |
|
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines |
Kingstown |
|
|
Sint Eustatius |
Oranjestad |
Special municipality of
the Netherlands |
|
Sint Maarten |
Philipsburg |
Constituent country of the
Kingdom of the Netherlands |
|
Trinidad and Tobago |
Port of Spain |
|
|
Turks and Caicos Islands |
Cockburn Town |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
United States |
Washington, D.C. |
|
|
United States Virgin
Islands |
Charlotte Amalie |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
南美洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
Argentina |
Buenos Aires |
|
|
Bolivia |
Sucre (official)
La Paz
(seat of government) |
|
|
Brazil |
Brasília |
|
|
Chile |
Santiago |
|
|
Colombia |
Bogotá |
|
|
Ecuador |
Quito |
|
|
Falkland Islands |
Stanley |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
|
French Guiana |
Cayenne |
Overseas department of
France |
|
Guyana |
Georgetown |
|
|
Paraguay |
Asunción |
|
|
Peru |
Lima |
|
|
South Georgia and the
South Sandwich Islands |
King Edward Point |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Suriname |
Paramaribo |
|
|
Uruguay |
Montevideo |
|
|
Venezuela |
Caracas |
|
大洋洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
American Samoa |
Pago Pago |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Ashmore and Cartier
Islands |
— |
External territory of
Australia |
|
|
Australia |
Canberra |
|
|
|
Baker Island |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Cook Islands |
Avarua |
Self-governing
parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. It
shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared
citizenship, but is independent in its internal affairs. |
|
|
Coral Sea Islands |
— |
External territory of
Australia |
|
Easter Island |
— |
Special territory of Chile |
|
Fiji |
Suva |
|
|
French Polynesia |
Papeete |
Overseas collectivity of
France |
|
Guam |
Hagåtña |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
|
Howland Island |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
|
Jarvis Island |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
|
Johnston Atoll |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
|
Kingman Reef |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Kiribati |
South Tarawa |
|
|
Marshall Islands |
Majuro |
|
|
Micronesia |
Palikir |
|
|
|
Midway Atoll |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Nauru |
Yaren (seat of government) |
|
|
New Caledonia |
Nouméa |
Sui generis collectivity
(special collectivity) of France |
|
New Zealand |
Wellington |
|
|
Niue |
Alofi |
Self-governing
parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. It
shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared
citizenship, but is independent in its internal affairs. |
|
Norfolk Island |
Kingston |
Self-governing territory
of Australia |
|
Northern Mariana Islands |
Saipan |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Palau |
Ngerulmud |
|
|
|
Palmyra Atoll |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
Papua New Guinea |
Port Moresby |
|
|
Pitcairn Islands |
Adamstown |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
|
Samoa |
Apia |
|
|
Solomon Islands |
Honiara |
|
|
Tokelau |
Nukunonu (main settlement,
although each atoll has its own administrative centre) |
Dependent territory of New
Zealand |
|
Tonga |
Nukuʻalofa |
|
|
Tuvalu |
Funafuti |
|
|
Vanuatu |
Port Vila |
|
|
|
Wake Island |
— |
Insular area of the United
States of America |
|
|
Wallis and Futuna |
Mata-Utu |
Overseas collectivity of
France |
南極洲
| Flag |
Name |
Capital |
Status |
|
|
Bouvet Island |
— |
Dependent territory of
Norway |
|
French Southern and
Antarctic Lands |
Alfred Faure (Crozet
Islands)
Port-aux-Français (Kerguelen
Islands)
Martin-de-Viviès (Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands) |
Overseas territory of
France |
|
|
Heard Island and McDonald
Islands |
— |
External territory of
Australia |
|
|
South Georgia and the
South Sandwich Islands |
King Edward Point |
Overseas territory of the
United Kingdom |
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