由於通貨膨脹與科技與科學及工程技術發展越來越昂貴與困難，投入大量預算開發也不一定能保證發展成功。從第一代噴射戰鬥機可以由一個國家同時期開發好幾個機種，到四代戰鬥機後幾乎主要航空大國僅能同時開發一兩種機種，包含七大工業國在內甚至要好幾個國家聯合組團開發才能發展一個戰鬥機機種，而且單架戰鬥機的造價也越來越昂貴，動輒數千萬到超過一億美元甚至更高，因此新一代的戰鬥機開發已經不是中小型經濟體國家可以獨自負擔甚至有足夠的航太工業技術力可以單獨建立的。目前的戰鬥機世代已經發展到第六代，或許由於AI技術與航太科技與材料的新發展，在我們有生之年能有機會看到第一代太空AI戰鬥機並搭配雷射炮與大量的AI僚機出現也說不定。
尤其台灣特殊的國際政治處境影響，要獲得相關最先進的航太科技更是難上加難，不但需要加強對歐美日的外交發展，更需要充分利用台灣在半導體領域的優先地位，發展相關的航太科技與材料與AI關鍵技術。
今日的噴射戰鬥機也從原本單一的空對空作戰任務逐漸演變成多功能(對空、對海、對地、電戰、反雷達)，有的還具備發射戰術核武的能力，甚至本身還具備相當強大的電子攻擊能力，也有戰鬥機本身就是一個網路載臺，可以傳送與接收來自友軍其他陸海空甚至於太空作戰裝備的戰場資訊，協助友軍防守與攻擊。在最新科技的不斷發展下，一架戰鬥機甚至可以輕易擊沉一艘驅逐艦或更大的艦艇，1980年代的福克蘭戰爭，阿根廷空軍即以超級軍旗攻擊機搭配飛魚飛彈擊沉當時英國最新銳的42級驅逐艦，而新一代的多功能戰鬥機則具備更強的雷達與對空及對艦作戰能力。
戰鬥機依用途主要可分為以下幾類：
空優戰鬥機(Air superiority fighter)
戰鬥轟炸機(Fighter-bomber)
攔截機(Interceptor)
重戰鬥機(Heavy fighter)
輕戰鬥機(Light fighter)
全天候戰鬥機(All-weather fighter)
偵查戰鬥機(Reconnaissance fighter)
戰略戰鬥機(Strategic fighter)
多功能戰鬥機(Multirole fighter)
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Example aircraft
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Hallion (1990)
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Aerospaceweb (2004)
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Air Force Magazine (2009)
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Air Power Development
Centre (2012)
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Baker (2018)
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1943–50
|
High subsonic, conventional
armament
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Me
262
DH
Vampire
P-80
MiG-9
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1
|
1
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1
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1
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1
|
|
1953–55
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Transonic, air-to-air
missiles, radar
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F-86
MiG-15 Hawker Hunter
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2
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2
|
|
1953–60
|
Early supersonic, radar,
air-to-air missiles
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F-100
MiG-19
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3
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2
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2
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2
|
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1955–70
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Supersonic (limited
purpose), Mach 2 air-to-air missiles only
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F-104
MiG-21
Mirage III Lightning
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4
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3
|
|
1960–70
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Multi-purpose
fighter-bombers
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F-4
MiG-23
Mirage F1
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5
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3
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3
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3
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1970–80
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Supersonic (multirole)
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Panavia Tornado
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4
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4
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4
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4
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1974–1990
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Supersonic multirole, high
efficiency, high maneuverability
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F-14
MiG-29
Mirage 2000
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6
|
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1990–2000
|
Enhanced capabilities,
advanced avionics, limited stealth
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F/A-18
Su-30
Eurofighter Typhoon
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—
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4.5
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4+
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4.5
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2000–present
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Advanced integrated
avionics, low observable stealth
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MiG-35
Su-35
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4++
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F-22
F-35
J-20
Su-57
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5
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5
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5
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5
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Jet Fighter by Generation
|
Period
|
Generation
|
Country
|
Example
|
|
1943-1955
|
1
|
US
|
North America F-86 Sabre
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
Douglas F4D Skyrad
McDonnell FH Phantom
Vought Aircrfat F6U Pirate
North America FJ-1 Fury
Republic F-84F
Thunderstreak
Grumman F9F Panther
Grumman F9F Cougar
McDonnell F2H Banshee
Vought F7U Gutlass
Douglas F3D Skyknight
Northrop F-89 Scorpion
Lockheed F-94 Starfire
North America FJ-2/3/4 Fury
North America F-86D Sabre
McDonnell F3H Demon
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|
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UK
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Gloster Meteor
de Havilland DH.100 Vampire
Supermarine Swift
Supermarine Attacker
Hawker Sea Hawk
de Havilland DH.112
Venom/Sea Venom
Hawker Hunter
de Havilland Sea Vixen
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|
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Sweden
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Saab 21R
Saab 20 Tunnan
Saab 32 Lsmsen
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|
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France
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Dassault Outagan
Dassault Mystère
|
|
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Canada
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Avro Aircraft Canada CF-100
Canuck
|
|
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USSR
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Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-15 Fagot
Yakovlev Yak-17
Yakovlev Yak-23
Yakovlev Yak-25
Lavochkin La-15
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-17 Fresco
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1953-1970
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2
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US
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Convair F-102 Delta Dagger
Locheed F-104 Starfighter
North America F-100 Super
Sabre
McDonnell F-101 Voodoo
Gruman F11F Tiger
Chance Vought F8U Crusader
Republic F-105 Thunderchief
Convair F-106 Delta Dart
Northrop F-5 Freedom
Fighter
|
|
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UK
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Gloster Javelin
Supermarine Scimitar
English Electric Lightning
|
|
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France
|
Dassault Super Mystère
Dassault Mirage III
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|
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Sweden
|
Saab 35 Draken
|
|
|
Canada
|
Avro Aircraft Canada CF-105
Arrow
|
|
|
USSR
|
Sukhoi Su-7
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-19 Farmer
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed
Sukhoi Su-9/11
Yakovlev Yak-28
Sukhoi Su-15
Sukhoi Su-17/-20/-22
|
|
|
China
|
Chengdu J-7
|
|
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India
|
Hindustan HF-24 Marut
|
|
1960-1980
|
3
|
US
|
McDonnell F-4 Phantom II
Northrop F-5E/F Tigter II
|
|
|
France
|
Dassault Mirage F-1
Dassault Mirage 5/Mirage 50
|
|
|
UK
|
Panavia Tornado ADV/IDS
|
|
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Sweden
|
SAAB 37 Viggen
|
|
|
USSR
|
Tupolev Tu-128 Fidder
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-23
Flogger
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-25
Foxbat
|
|
|
Israel
|
IAI Kfir
|
|
|
India
|
Hindustan Ajeet
Hindustan Tejas
|
|
|
Iran
|
HESA Saeqeh
|
|
1970-1990
|
4
|
US
|
Grumman F-14 Tomcat
McDonnell Douglas F-15
Eagle
McDonnell Douglas F/A-18
Hornet
General Dynamics F-16
Fighting Falcon
|
|
|
France
|
Dassault Mirage 2000
|
|
|
Taiwan
|
AIDC
F-CK-1 A/B Ching-Kuo
|
|
|
USSR
|
Sukhoi Su-27/-33 Flanker
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-31
Foxhound
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-29
Fulcrum
|
|
|
China
Pakistan
|
Shenyan FC-1
PAC JF-17 Thunder
|
|
1990
|
4.5
|
US
|
McDonnell Douglas F-15E
Strike Eagle
McDonnell Douglas F-18E/F
Super Hornet
Boeing F-15EX Eagle II
Locheed Martin F-16E/F
Fighting Falcon
Locheed Martin F-16v Viper
|
|
|
France
|
Dassault Rafale
|
|
|
UK
Germany
Italy
Spain
|
Eurofighter Typhoon
|
|
|
Sweden
|
SAAB JAS 39 Gripen
|
|
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Japan
|
Mitsubishi F-2
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|
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Taiwan
|
F-CK-1
C/D Hsiang Sheng
|
|
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Russia
|
Sukhoi Su-30 Flanker
Sukhoi Su-34 Fullback
Mikoyan Gurevich MiG-35
Fulcrum-F
Sukhoi Su-35 Flanker-E
|
|
|
China
|
Chengdu J-10B Vigorous
Dragon
Shengyang J-11B
Shengyang J-16
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|
1990
|
5
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US
|
Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor
Lockheed Martin F-35A/B/C
Lightning II
|
|
|
Russia
|
Sukhoi Su-57 Felon
Sukhoi Su-75 Checkmate
|
|
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China
|
Chengdu J-20(Actual 4.5G)
Shengyan J-35
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|
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S. Korea
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KF-21
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|
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Turkey
|
TF-X
|
|
2020
|
6
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US
|
US Navy Boeing FA-XX
US Air Force NGAD(Next
Generation Air Dominance)
|
|
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UK
Italy
Japan
|
GCAP(Global
Combat Air Programme)
|
|
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France
Germany
Spain
|
Dassault/Airbus FCAS(Future
Combat Air System)
|
|
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Russia
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Mikoyan PAK DP
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Reference
Multi-Lingual
Wikipedia
Jwings
295
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