半導體概述(Introduction to Semiconductor)-2026

 

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Manufacturer	IDM	Intel Samsung SK Hynix Micron TI SONY Kloxia(Toshiba) Matsushita Sharp Hitachi Renesas STM Infineon NXP ADI Tower Semiconductor Tesla & Space X
	IC Design House or IP	ARM Nvidia Broadcom Qualcomm Apple Google AMD IBM MediaTek RealTek
	Pure Play Foundary	TSMC UMC Global Foundry

By Material

Si-based Material(Crystalline、Poly)

Compound Material(GaAs、GaN、SiC)

Lighting Compound Material(II IV Group、III V Group)

By Function(Analog or Digital)

• Discrete Device

• Lighting Device

• Power Device

• Integrated Circuit

• Logic IC

• Memory

• Power Amplifier

• Power Management IC

• ASIC/ASSP(Application IC)

Discrete Device

Passive Element(R(resistor) 、L(inductor) 、C(capacitor) )

Diode(PN Diode、Schottky Diode、Zener Diode)

MOSFET(N-MOS、P-MOS、CMOS)

<=1W

>1W

BJT(NPN、PNP)

<=1W

>1W

JFET

<=1W

>1W

Power Device

Diode

Thyristor

SCR

GTO

Triac

IGBT

Transistor

Power MOSFET

MCT

IGCT

Lighting Device

LED(Red、Green、Blue、White)

Photo Diode

LD(Red、Green、Blue)

PIN Diode

Light Sensor

Integrated Circuit

MCU

CPU(Including North and South Bridge 、RISC/CISC Architecture)

GPU

TPU

NPU

DSP

Mixed Signal IC

ADC/DAC

Logic Device(NAND or NOR Based)

Combinational Logic IC

• TTL Logic IC

• CMOS Logic IC

• Sequential Logic IC

• Flip-Flop(SR/D/JK/T)

• Progammable Logic Device(PLD)

Power Management IC

LDO(Low-DropOut Regulator)

Switch IC

Non-isolated Topologies

• Buck

• Boost

• Buck-Boost

• Boost-Buck

• Ćuk

• SEPIC

• Zeta

• Charge pump / switched capacitor

Isolated Topologies

• Flyback

• RCC

• Half-forward

• Forward

• Resonant forward

• Push-pull

• Half-bridge

• Full-bridge

• Resonant, zero voltage switched

Memory

Main Memory

• DRAM

• SRAM

Program Memory(NOR Based)

• EEPROM

• EPROM

• PROM

Storage Memory(NAND Based)

• Flash Memory (Solid State Memory or Hard Disk)

Power Amplifier

Basic Type

• Class A

• Class B

• Class AB

• Class C

• Class D(Duty Cycle)

Additional Type

• Class E

• Class F

• Class G&H

OP Amp.

• Oscillator

• GIC

• Voltage Follower

• Differential Amp.

• Integrator

• Differentiator

• Negative Resistor

ASIC/ASSP(4CIDBA)

Single Function

• USB IC

• HDMI IC

• Bluetooth IC

• Camera IC

• WiFi IC

• LiFi IC

Multi-Function

• ASIC

• ASSP

• SoC

Note:4CIDBASE/Computer、Consumer(Home Appliances & Entertainment)、Communication(Mobile、Satellite、Space)、Car(Transportation)、Industrial 、Defense、Biotech(Medical、Medicine、Agriculture)、Aerospace、AI、Engineering、Science、Smart Device

ASIC：Application Specific Integrated Circuit

ASSP：Application Specific Standard Parts

SoC：System on Chip

Reference

Multi-Lingual Wikipedia

Renesas Website Engineer School

Texas Instruments Website

Qualcomm Website

Toshiba Website